Nappy Rash FAQs

What is nappy rash?

Nappy, napkin or diaper rash, is an irritation of the skin that commonly affects young children. Nappy rash is a general term used to describe any type of rash or skin condition found in the groin area. The most common cause of the condition is contact dermatitis, usually from the wetness and chafing of a dirty nappy. The urine and faeces inside a soiled nappy break down into ammonia, which, with prolonged contact, will cause soreness and irritation in your baby's skin.

What is fungal nappy rash?

Fungal nappy rash, sometimes referred to as infected nappy rash, candidal nappy rash or nappy candidiasis, is a fungal infection caused by the dampness inside a dirty nappy. When a child's skin is irritated or damaged, it is more likely that candida albicans (a form of yeast) will overgrow, causing fungal nappy rash. This kind of nappy rash can be particularly unpleasant for your little one as it can cause the skin to sting every time they wet the nappy.

How do I know if my child has fungal nappy rash?

In cases of fungal nappy rash, the affected area of skin will be inflamed, with spots (satellite lesions) around the edges. The infection will be bright red and also present in the folds of the skin.

Fungal nappy rash at a glance

• Sore, inflamed skin.
• Spots (satellite lesions) present around the edges of the infected area.
• Infected area is bright red.
• Infection is present in the folds of the skin.

How is fungal nappy rash different from regular nappy rash?

In cases of common nappy rash, a baby's skin will be sore and irritated, especially around the buttocks and genitals. The skin will redden but not turn bright red, and come out in a rash made up of small spots or blotches. Generally your child will feel well and only experience discomfort when they wet or dirty their nappy. Also, the redness will not reach into the folds of your baby's skin.

In cases of fungal nappy rash, the skin will be bright red and the infection will reach into the folds of the skin. Your child will be particularly uncomfortable and may get upset and cry every time their nappy is changed. They will not respond well to regular nappy rash treatment and, if this is the case, you should consult your doctor, who will probably recommend an antifungal treatment.

If your baby's skin feels warm and swollen to the touch, and they have a bad mood or fever, it is likely that they have a bacterial infection. If so, your doctor should be contacted.

How do I treat fungal nappy rash?

Common nappy rash (and even fungal nappy rash) is, perhaps, best treated by effective prevention. Ensuring that your baby's skin is kept as clean and dry as possible is a good first step. Regular nappy changes will minimise contact with the irritants in urine and faeces and allow the area to be regularly cleaned. Once your child has the condition, using a barrier cream or ointment, particularly one containing zinc, will help protect and moisturise their delicate skin. Removing the nappy for a few hours a day will allow your baby's bottom to breathe and help speed up the healing process.

If your child has fungal nappy rash, your doctor may recommend an antifungal treatment for the condition.

Further Information

For further information on treating your child's nappy rash, please visit our following pages:

• Nappy Rash Advice
• Nappy Rash Treatments
• Fungal Nappy Rash Treatments